Bindusara ascended the throne around 297 BCE.Chanakya served as the chief advisor to both emperors Chandragupta and his son Bindusara.Chanakya assisted the first Mauryan emperor Chandragupta in his rise to power.
He is considered the pioneer of the field of political science and economics in India.He is traditionally identified as Kauṭilya or Vishnugupta, who authored the ancient Indian political treatise, the Arthashastra, a text dated to roughly between the 4th century BCE and the 3rd century CE.Chanakya was an ancient Indian teacher, philosopher, economist, jurist, and royal advisor.Megasthenes visited the Pataliputra during the reign of Chandragupta.He is said to have lived as an ascetic at Shravanabelagola for several years before fasting to death, as per the Jain practice of sallekhana.Chandragupta renounced his throne and followed Jain teacher Bhadrabahu.Chandragupta established a strong centralized state with an administration at Pataliputra, which, according to Megasthenes, was “surrounded by a wooden wall pierced by 64 gates and 570 towers”.Under its terms, Chandragupta received the satrapies of Kamboja and Gandhara and Kandahar and Balochistan. The two rulers( Chandra Gupta and Seleucus) concluded a peace treaty in 303 BCE, including a marital alliance.
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After the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE, Chandragupta led a series of campaigns in 305 BCE to take satrapies in the Indus Valley and northwest India. Dethroned the last Nanda ruler, Dhananada. Chanakya encouraged Chandragupta Maurya and his army to take over the throne of Magadha. Before the Mauryan Empire, the Indian subcontinent was fragmented into hundreds of kingdoms that were ruled by powerful regional chiefs who engaged in warfare using their small armies. This was the beginning of the establishment of an Empire. The Mauryan army then conquered the satraps established by the Macedonians. The Mauryan army quickly rose to become the prominent regional power in the North West of the Indian Subcontinent. Requiring an army, Chandragupta recruited and annexed local military republics such as the Yaudheyas that had resisted Alexander’s Empire. The Maurya Empire was established in the Greater Punjab region under the leadership of Chandragupta Maurya and his mentor Chanakya. Alexander returned to Babylon and re-deployed most of his troops west of the Indus River. His army mutinied at the Beas River and refused to advance further eastward when confronted by another army. Meanwhile, Alexander the Great was leading his Indian campaigns and ventured into Punjab. The Nanda Empire was a large, militaristic, and economically powerful empire as it was dominating the Mahajanapadas. Before the Mauryan Empire, the Nanda Empire ruled over most of the Indian Subcontinent. Chandragupta and Kautilya overthrew the Nanda dynasty and established the Mauryan dynasty. The Mauryan Empire (322 B.C.E to 122 B.C.E) was founded by Chandragupta Maurya with the help of Chanakya, also known as Kautilya. Subscribe to Mission UPSC 2022 - Click Here The Mauryan Empire
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